UC Davis Study Targets Copper Liver Disease in Labrador

A new study at the University of California, Davis, is investigating why Labrador retrievers develop copper-associated liver disease. The research aims to create blood-based diagnostic tools to identify the condition before serious liver damage occurs.

Lead investigator Tarini Ullal, DVM, MS, DACVIM (SAIM), described the disease as highly prevalent and insidious. She noted that a dog's liver values can appear normal and the animal can seem perfectly healthy until reaching the end stage of the disease, when intervention is often too late.

Understanding Copper-Associated Hepatopathy

Copper-associated hepatopathy (CAH) is caused by excessive copper accumulation in the liver. If undiagnosed or untreated, it can lead to significant liver damage and eventual liver failure. Labrador retrievers are among the breeds known to be at risk for this condition.

The causes and mechanisms of CAH are complex. They may involve a combination of genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors, including diet. The UC Davis study is designed to investigate these factors while searching for biomarkers. The goal is to help veterinarians identify CAH without relying solely on invasive diagnostic procedures like liver biopsies.

Study Design and Goals

Researchers will compare three distinct groups of Labrador retrievers. The study is funded by a $233,211 grant from the American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, with a grant period running from October 1, 2025, through September 30, 2028.

The research team is particularly interested in whether data from blood samples can distinguish CAH from another liver condition, immune-mediated chronic hepatitis. The longer-term objective is to improve the overall understanding of CAH and develop approaches for noninvasive screening and diagnosis.

Seeking Canine Participants

The UC Davis Veterinary Center for Clinical Trials is currently seeking Labrador retrievers for participation. The study needs dogs with confirmed CAH, dogs with immune-mediated chronic hepatitis, and healthy control dogs. For enrolled dogs, the cost of a liver biopsy is covered by the study.

Ellie, a young Labrador retriever enrolled as a presumed healthy control, illustrates the potential impact of this research. Despite normal results on standard blood work, testing through the UC Davis trial revealed excess copper accumulation in her liver. Her owner stated that the unexpected finding meant the disease could now be treated to keep her healthy. Interested dog owners and referring veterinarians can contact the center at 530-754-1954 to learn more about eligibility requirements.